@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,600;0,700;0,800;1,600;1,700&display=swap');

/* About inline section (placed between marquee and scope) */
.about-inline-section {
  width: 100%;
  background: transparent;
}
.about-inline-inner {
  /* Reuse main-container layout — single column with sidebar hidden here */
  display: block;
}
.about-inline-inner .content-col {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}


:root {
  /* Color Palette Premium Light Theme */
  --bg-primary: #F8F7F4;
  --text: #1A1A2E;
  --text-light: #5A5A72;
  --blue: #6CAADE;
  --blue-light: #8ECAFA;
  --blue-dark: #4A8CC0;
  --accent: #ac3750;
  
  --green: #2B8A3E;
  --magenta: #C2255C;

  /* Glassmorphism Variables */
  --card: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  --card-border: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
  --nav-bg: rgba(248, 247, 244, 0.85);
}

/* RESET & TYPOGRAPHY */
*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-size: 16px;
}

body {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text);
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
  line-height: 1.6;
  position: relative;
}

/* 3D Background Canvas */
#bg-canvas {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  z-index: -1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: 
    linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0,0,0,0.02) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0.02) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 40px 40px;
  z-index: -1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Headings Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, .display-heading {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "SF Pro Display", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
}

/* Numbers / Monospace */
.countdown-number, .info-value, .article-year, .article-date {
  font-family: 'SF Mono', ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
}

a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
}

/* GLASSMORPHISM UTILITIES */
.glass-card {
  background: var(--card, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95));
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: 
    0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.8) inset,
    0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.05),
    0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  transform: translateZ(0);
  will-change: transform, backdrop-filter, box-shadow;
  transition: transform 200ms ease-out, box-shadow 200ms ease-out;
}

.glass-card:hover {
  transform: scale(1.01);
  box-shadow: 
    0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.8) inset,
    0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.08),
    0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.glass-chip, .glass-chip-large {
  background: var(--card, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95));
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
}
.glass-chip {
  border-radius: 2rem;
  padding: 6px 14px;
}
.glass-chip-large {
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 18px;
}

/* BUTTONS */
.btn, .submit-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 16px 32px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 200ms ease-out, box-shadow 200ms ease-out;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  font-size: 15px;
}
.btn:active, .submit-btn:active, .btn-glass:active, .btn-glass-icon:active {
  transform: scale(0.98);
}

.glass-btn-primary {
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(26, 26, 46, 0.2);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}
.glass-btn-primary:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(26, 26, 46, 0.3);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  background: #000;
}

.glass-btn-secondary {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  color: var(--text);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.glass-btn-secondary:hover {
  background: #fdfdfd;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

/* TOP BAR (Moved to below hero) */
.top-bar {
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 8px 2rem;
  font-size: 12px;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
}
.top-bar-text { opacity: 0.9; }
.top-bar-text.last { opacity: 0.6; font-style: italic; }
.top-bar-divider {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
  margin: 0 12px;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

/* HEADER (Sits in Hero) */
#main-header {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  z-index: 1000;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: 16px;
  transition: padding 0.3s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.header-inner {
  pointer-events: auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 90%;
  max-width: 1200px;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
  border-radius: 50px;
}

/* Scrolled state (Pill) */
#main-header.scrolled {
  padding-top: 12px;
}
#main-header.scrolled .header-inner {
  width: 70%;
  max-width: 900px;
  padding: 12px 24px;
  border-radius: 50px !important;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9) !important;
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px) !important;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px) !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important;
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #main-header.scrolled .header-inner {
    width: 90%;
    padding: 12px 20px;
  }
}

.logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  height: 50px;
}
.logo-icon {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}
.logo-icon img {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 10px;
}
.logo-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.logo-name {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--blue);
  line-height: 1;
}
.logo-sub {
  font-size: 10px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.desktop-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
}
.desktop-nav a {
  padding: 8px 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  position: relative;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  display: inline-block;
}
.desktop-nav a:not(.nav-submit):hover {
  color: var(--blue);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.desktop-nav a.active {
  color: var(--blue);
}
.desktop-nav a.active::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -4px;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--blue);
}
.desktop-nav a.nav-submit::after { display: none; }

.btn-glass {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 10px 20px !important;
  border-radius: 100px !important;
}

/* Mobile Nav Toggle & Card */
.mobile-nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  font-size: 24px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 8px;
  color: var(--text);
}
.mobile-nav-card {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: -100%;
  width: 70%;
  height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 40px 20px;
  transition: left 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  z-index: 1001;
  border-radius: 0 24px 24px 0;
  box-shadow: 10px 0 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  background: rgba(248, 247, 244, 0.9);
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
  pointer-events: auto;
}
.mobile-nav-card.active {
  left: 0;
}
.mobile-nav-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
}
.mobile-nav-card .sponsored {
  margin-top: auto;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 500;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.mobile-nav-card a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.mobile-nav-card a.active {
  background: rgba(59, 91, 219, 0.1);
  color: var(--blue);
}
.mobile-nav-card a:hover:not(.active) {
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
}


/* HERO */
.hero {
  padding: 140px 5% 120px 5%;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  position: relative;
}
.hero-switching-text-container {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 40px; /* fixed height to prevent layout shift */
  align-items: center;
}
.hero-switching-text {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.hero-inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: center;
}
.hero-inner.full-text-hero {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  gap: 60px;
}
.hero-inner.full-text-hero .hero-content {
  align-items: center;
}
.hero-content {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 32px;
}
.hero-title {
  font-size: 4.5rem;
  line-height: 1.1;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.full-text-hero .hero-title {
  font-size: 10vw; /* Massive BRIDGES */
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
}
.hero-title .accent {
  color: var(--blue);
}
.hero-title em, .hero-title-sub em {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
.hero-title-sub {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.hero-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  max-width: 800px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  width: 100%;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* Hero Card */
.hero-card {
  padding: 40px;
}
.hero-card-wide {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 900px;
  text-align: left;
}
.hero-card-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.card-header-label {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
.card-open-badge {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--green);
  background: rgba(43, 138, 62, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(43, 138, 62, 0.2);
}
.hero-card-body {
  display: flex;
  gap: 40px;
}
.hero-card-body-content {
  flex: 1;
}
.hero-card-body-meta {
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}
.hero-card-body h3 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.card-desc {
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.deadline-box {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.deadline-icon i {
  font-size: 24px;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.deadline-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.deadline-date {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 16px;
}
.editors-info {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.editor-avatars { display: flex; }
.editor-av {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 12px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 2px solid #fff;
  margin-left: -12px;
}
.editor-av:first-child { margin-left: 0; }
.editors-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.editors-label { font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-light); }
.editors-names { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; }


/* SCOPE SECTION */
.scope-section {
  padding: 120px 5%;
}
.scope-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.scope-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.section-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.section-subtitle {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* Scope Grid Main: Scroll Stack (Mobile) & Bento Grid (Desktop) */
.scope-grid-main {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  position: relative;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 20px 0;
  -ms-overflow-style: none;
  scrollbar-width: none;
}
.scope-grid-main::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}
.scope-card {
  padding: 24px;
  position: sticky;
  margin-top: 10px;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  /* Top and Z-index will be set via JS or nth-child below */
}

/* Scroll Stack Specific Offsets */
.scope-card:nth-child(1) { top: 100px; z-index: 1; }
.scope-card:nth-child(2) { top: 114px; z-index: 2; }
.scope-card:nth-child(3) { top: 128px; z-index: 3; }
.scope-card:nth-child(4) { top: 142px; z-index: 4; }
.scope-card:nth-child(5) { top: 156px; z-index: 5; }
.scope-card:nth-child(6) { top: 170px; z-index: 6; }
.scope-card:nth-child(7) { top: 184px; z-index: 7; }
.scope-card:nth-child(8) { top: 198px; z-index: 8; }

/* Bento Grid on Desktop */
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .scope-grid-main {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    grid-auto-rows: 220px;
    gap: 24px;
    padding: 20px 0;
  }
  .scope-card {
    position: static;
    top: auto;
    z-index: auto;
  }
  /* Bento Layout for 5 cards */
  .scope-card:nth-child(1) { grid-column: span 2; grid-row: span 2; }
  .scope-card:nth-child(2) { grid-column: span 1; grid-row: span 1; }
  .scope-card:nth-child(3) { grid-column: span 1; grid-row: span 1; }
  .scope-card:nth-child(4) { grid-column: span 1; grid-row: span 1; }
  .scope-card:nth-child(5) { grid-column: span 2; grid-row: span 1; }

  /* Desktop Guidelines Grid */
  .guidelines-carousel {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
    overflow: visible !important;
  }
  .guidelines-carousel .guideline-card {
    min-width: 0 !important;
  }
  #guidelines-pagination {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
.scope-card-icon {
  font-size: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  /* Removed background */
}
.scope-card.blue .scope-card-icon i { color: var(--blue); }
.scope-card.green .scope-card-icon i { color: var(--green); }
.scope-card.magenta .scope-card-icon i { color: var(--magenta); }

.scope-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.scope-card p {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

/* Pagination Dots */
.carousel-pagination, .archive-pagination {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}
.page-dot {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.page-dot.active {
  background: var(--blue);
  transform: scale(1.2);
}


/* MAIN CONTENT */
.main-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 5% 120px 5%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  gap: 64px;
}

.content-col, .sidebar-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 80px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.section-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-bottom: -40px;
}
.section-eyebrow {
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 12px;
}
.section-line {
  flex-grow: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.card {
  padding: 56px;
}
.card-body p {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

/* BENTO GRID (Call for Papers) */
.bento-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  gap: 24px;
}
.bento-grid-2 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  gap: 24px;
}
.bento-cell {
  padding: 40px;
}
.bento-main {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}
.bento-main h2 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.bento-main p {
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

/* Split Hero Card for Volume Cover */
.split-hero-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.split-hero-content {
  flex: 1;
}
.split-hero-image {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 300px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
.split-hero-image:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}
.vol-cover-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

.bento-highlight {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
}
.blue-highlight {
  background: rgba(59, 91, 219, 0.05);
}
.call-highlight-icon {
  font-size: 32px;
  color: var(--blue);
}
.call-highlight-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.call-highlight-date {
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.bento-action {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  gap: 16px;
}
.bento-icon {
  font-size: 32px;
  color: var(--blue);
}

.signature {
  margin-top: 40px;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
}
.sig-name {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.sig-role {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* GUIDELINES STACK (Desktop Grid -> Mobile Stack) */
.guidelines-stack {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
}
.guideline-card {
  padding: 32px;
}
.guideline-icon {
  font-size: 32px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  /* Removed Background */
}
.guideline-icon.green i { color: var(--green); }
.guideline-icon.blue i { color: var(--blue); }
.guideline-icon.magenta i { color: var(--magenta); }

.guideline-card h5 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.guideline-card p {
  color: var(--text-light);
}

/* SIDEBAR */
.sidebar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 32px;
}
.sidebar-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.sidebar-card-header {
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 16px 16px 0 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}
.sidebar-card-header h4 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.sidebar-card-body {
  padding: 32px 24px;
}
.countdown-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.countdown-unit {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 16px;
}
.countdown-number {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
}
.countdown-label {
  font-size: 10px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.countdown-note {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.submit-card-body p {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  text-align: center;
}
.submit-btn {
  width: 100%;
}
.submit-url {
  font-size: 11px;
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 16px;
  word-break: break-all;
}

.info-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 24px;
}
.info-item {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
}
.info-icon i {
  font-size: 20px;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
.info-content {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.info-label {
  font-size: 11px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.info-value {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.editor-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.editor-name {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.editor-title {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
.editors-footer {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  padding-top: 24px;
}

/* ARCHIVE SECTION */
.archive-section {
  padding: 120px 5%;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
}
.archive-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.archive-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 64px;
}
.archive-controls {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  gap: 24px;
}
.search-box, .filter-box {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
}
.search-box {
  flex-grow: 1;
}
.search-box input, .filter-box select {
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  outline: none;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 14px;
  width: 100%;
}
.search-box i, .filter-box i {
  color: var(--text-light);
}

/* Archive Grid */
.articles-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 32px;
}

/* ARCHIVE CARD - Split design with Gradient */
.archive-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 0; /* Override glass-card padding if any */
}
.archive-preview {
  height: 160px;
  position: relative;
  background: var(--blue);
  /* A nice subtle abstract background or image could go here */
}
/* Gradient overlay blending preview into bottom */
.archive-preview::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent, var(--bg-primary));
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 40%, black 100%);
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 40%, black 100%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.archive-preview-placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  font-size: 32px;
}
.archive-preview-placeholder span {
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.archive-body {
  padding: 24px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.archive-meta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.article-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.article-author {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--blue);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.article-abstract {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  flex-grow: 1;
}
.article-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  padding-top: 16px;
}
.download-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.download-btn:hover {
  color: var(--blue);
}


/* TAPED FOOTER */
.taped-footer {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 120px 5% 40px 5%;
  margin-top: 120px;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.footer-tape {
  position: absolute;
  top: -20px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(-2deg);
  width: 200px;
  height: 40px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  z-index: 10;
}

.footer-inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 64px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}
.footer-brand {
  max-width: 400px;
}
.footer-brand p {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  margin-top: 24px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
.footer-sub {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.footer-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 80px;
}
.footer-col h5 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: #fff;
}
.footer-col ul {
  list-style: none;
}
.footer-col li {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.footer-col a {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.footer-col a:hover {
  color: #fff;
}
.footer-large-name {
  font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
  font-size: 18vw;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-align: center;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  line-height: 0.8;
  margin-top: 40px;
  user-select: none;
}
.footer-bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  margin-top: 40px;
  padding-top: 40px;
  text-align: center;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
  font-size: 12px;
}


/* RESPONSIVE */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .hero-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 64px;
  }
  .main-container {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .hero-title {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
  }
  .full-text-hero .hero-title {
    font-size: 12vw;
  }
  .articles-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  .desktop-nav { display: none; }
  .mobile-nav-toggle { 
    display: flex; 
    align-items: center; 
    justify-content: center;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border-radius: 50%;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  .mobile-nav-toggle i {
    color: var(--blue) !important;
  }
  .guidelines-carousel {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    gap: 16px;
    padding-bottom: 24px;
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    scrollbar-width: none;
  }
  .guidelines-carousel::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }
  .guidelines-carousel .guideline-card {
    min-width: 85vw;
    scroll-snap-align: center;
  }
  #guidelines-pagination {
    display: flex !important;
  }
  /* SCROLL STACK LOGIC */
  .scroll-stack-container {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column;
    position: relative;
    gap: 24px !important;
  }
  .scroll-stack-card {
    position: sticky !important;
    top: var(--mobile-top, 7rem);
    z-index: var(--mobile-z, 10);
    margin-top: var(--mobile-mt, 2.5rem);
    background: var(--card, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95));
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 24px;
    box-shadow: 0 -10px 40px -10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .scroll-stack-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .header-inner { padding: 12px 16px; }
  .card { padding: 24px; }
  
  .split-hero-card {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  .split-hero-image {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 400px;
    margin: 24px auto 0;
  }
  .desktop-nav { display: none; }
  .mobile-nav-toggle { 
    display: flex; 
    align-items: center; 
    justify-content: center;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border-radius: 50%;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
  }
  #main-header.scrolled .header-inner { width: 95%; }
  
  .hero-actions {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  .btn, .submit-btn {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .hero-card-body {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
  }
  .full-text-hero .hero-title {
    font-size: 18vw;
  }
  .hero-title-sub {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }

  /* Mobile Call for Papers + Editorial Board - Scroll Stack */
  .bento-grid, .bento-grid-2, .bento-grid-3 {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    position: relative;
    gap: 0;
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    scrollbar-width: none;
  }
  .bento-grid::-webkit-scrollbar, .bento-grid-2::-webkit-scrollbar, .bento-grid-3::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }

  /* Scroll stack: shared bento-cell sticky logic */
  .bento-cell {
    position: sticky;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    margin-top: 16px;
  }
  
  /* Offsets for bento-cell cards (Aim section, etc.) */
  .bento-cell:nth-child(1) { top: 80px; z-index: 1; }
  .bento-cell:nth-child(2) { top: 96px; z-index: 2; }
  .bento-cell:nth-child(3) { top: 112px; z-index: 3; }
  .bento-cell:nth-child(4) { top: 128px; z-index: 4; }

  /* Editorial Board scroll stack — larger offset since cards are 400px tall */
  .bento-grid-3 .editorial-card {
    position: sticky;
    margin-top: 16px;
    border-radius: 18px;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .bento-grid-3 .editorial-card:nth-child(1) { top: 80px; z-index: 1; }
  .bento-grid-3 .editorial-card:nth-child(2) { top: 100px; z-index: 2; }
  .bento-grid-3 .editorial-card:nth-child(3) { top: 120px; z-index: 3; }
  .bento-grid-3 .editorial-card:nth-child(4) { top: 140px; z-index: 4; }

  /* Call for Papers sidebar-card scroll stack */
  .bento-grid-2 .sidebar-card {
    position: sticky;
    margin-top: 16px;
    border-radius: 20px;
  }
  .bento-grid-2 .sidebar-card:nth-child(1) { top: 80px; z-index: 1; }
  .bento-grid-2 .sidebar-card:nth-child(2) { top: 104px; z-index: 2; }


  .guidelines-stack {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
  }

  .articles-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
    padding-bottom: 4rem;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .footer-links {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 40px;
    width: 100%;
  }


}

/* PAGINATION ARROWS */
.archive-pagination {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 40px;
}
.pagination-arrow {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  background: var(--card, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95));
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.pagination-arrow:hover:not(:disabled) {
  background: var(--blue);
  color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--blue);
}
.pagination-arrow:disabled {
  opacity: 0.5;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.pagination-info {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-light);
}
/* ==========================================================================
   MULTI-STEP MODAL (Submission)
   ========================================================================== */
.modal-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  z-index: 1000;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease;
}

.modal-overlay.active {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.modal-content {
  width: 90%;
  max-width: 600px;
  max-height: 90vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
  position: relative;
  padding: 2rem;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.modal-overlay.active .modal-content {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.modal-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 1rem;
  right: 1rem;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.modal-close:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.modal-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.step-indicator {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.step {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.step.active {
  color: var(--blue);
}

.step.completed {
  color: var(--green);
}

.step-circle {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--glass-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--glass-border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  transition: all 0.3s;
}

.step.active .step-circle {
  background: var(--blue);
  color: white;
  border-color: var(--blue);
}

.step.completed .step-circle {
  background: var(--green);
  color: white;
  border-color: var(--green);
}

.step-label {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.step-line {
  flex-grow: 1;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--glass-border);
  margin: 0 10px;
  margin-bottom: 20px; /* offset to align with circle */
}

/* Modal Steps */
.modal-step {
  display: none;
  animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease forwards;
}

.modal-step.active {
  display: block;
}

.modal-step h3 {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.guideline-content ul {
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.guideline-content li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.form-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.form-group {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.form-group.full-width {
  grid-column: span 2;
}

.form-group label {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.form-group input,
.form-group select,
.form-group textarea {
  padding: 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--glass-border);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group select:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--blue);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.file-upload input[type="file"] {
  padding: 0.5rem;
  background: none;
  border: 1px dashed var(--blue);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.confirm-box {
  background: rgba(13, 110, 253, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(13, 110, 253, 0.2);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.checkbox-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.checkbox-container input {
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.modal-actions {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  margin-top: 2rem;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.modal-actions.split {
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.sig-av {
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 55px;
  height: 55px;
  border: 3px solid #fff;
  margin-left: -15px;
  background-color: var(--glass-bg);
}

.sig-av:first-child {
  margin-left: 0;
}

.footer-col ul li a:hover {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--blue);
  padding-bottom: 2px; /* to avoid jumping if possible, though a transparent border initially is best */
}

/* Mobile Sidebar Styles */
.mobile-sidebar-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  z-index: 10001;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}
.mobile-sidebar-overlay.active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

.mobile-sidebar {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 90vh;
  border-radius: 24px 24px 0 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  z-index: 10002;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 30px 24px;
  transform: translateY(110%);
  transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  box-shadow: 0 -10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.mobile-sidebar.active {
  transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

.sidebar-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.sidebar-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-grow: 1;
}
.sidebar-links a {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 12px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.sidebar-links a:hover {
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  color: var(--blue);
  transform: translateX(5px);
}
.sidebar-links a i {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  width: 24px;
  text-align: center;
}
.sidebar-links a:hover i {
  color: var(--blue);
}
.sidebar-footer {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

/* Coming Soon Modal */
.modal-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  z-index: 20000;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}
.modal-overlay.active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}
.coming-soon-modal {
  position: fixed;
  top: 50%; left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -40%);
  width: 90%;
  max-width: 400px;
  background: var(--card, rgba(255,255,255,0.95));
  z-index: 20001;
  border-radius: 24px;
  padding: 32px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}
.coming-soon-modal.active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
.coming-soon-modal .modal-header {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  position: relative;
}
.coming-soon-modal .modal-icon {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--blue);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  background: rgba(0, 102, 255, 0.1);
  width: 64px; height: 64px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.coming-soon-modal h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--text);
}
.coming-soon-modal .close-modal-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: -16px; right: -16px;
  background: none; border: none;
  font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
.coming-soon-modal .close-modal-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text);
}
.coming-soon-modal .modal-body {
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--text);
}
.coming-soon-modal .modal-email {
  display: inline-block;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  background: rgba(0, 102, 255, 0.05);
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border-radius: 50px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}


/* Article Card Redesign (Full Background Thumbnail) */
.article-card-new {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 350px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 24px;
  color: white;
  background: #111;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), box-shadow 0.4s ease;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.article-card-new:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.article-card-bg {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  transition: transform 0.6s ease;
  z-index: 1;
}
.article-card-new:hover .article-card-bg {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}
.article-card-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0.2) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.95) 100%);
  z-index: 2;
}
.article-card-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
}
.article-meta-chips {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.meta-chip {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 50px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.meta-chip.category {
  background: var(--blue);
}
.article-card-new h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 700;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}
.article-authors {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #ddd;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.article-abstract {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #ccc;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.article-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
}
.article-actions .btn {
  padding: 8px 16px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  border-radius: 50px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: background 0.3s, transform 0.2s;
  pointer-events: auto;
}
.article-actions .btn-primary {
  background: var(--blue);
  color: white;
}
.article-actions .btn-primary:hover {
  background: #0052cc;
}

/* PDF Viewer Modal */
.pdf-viewer-modal {
  position: fixed;
  top: 50%; left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -40%);
  width: 95%;
  max-width: 900px;
  height: 90vh;
  background: var(--card, #fff);
  z-index: 20001;
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}
.pdf-viewer-modal.active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
.pdf-modal-header {
  padding: 16px 24px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}
.pdf-modal-header h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  padding-right: 20px;
}
.close-pdf-btn {
  background: none; border: none;
  font-size: 1.5rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pdf-modal-body {
  flex: 1;
  background: #f0f0f0;
  position: relative;
}
.pdf-modal-body iframe {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: none;
}
.pdf-modal-footer {
  padding: 16px 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  text-align: right;
}

/* Pagination controls */
.pagination-controls {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.pagination-controls .page-btn {
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  color: var(--text);
  width: 40px; height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.pagination-controls .page-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
  background: var(--blue);
  color: white;
  border-color: var(--blue);
}
.pagination-controls .page-btn:disabled {
  opacity: 0.5;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.pagination-controls .page-info {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}


/* Skeleton Loader */
.skeleton-card {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 350px;
  background: #2a2a2a;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 24px;
}
.skeleton-box {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #333 25%, #444 50%, #333 75%);
  background-size: 200% 100%;
  animation: skeleton-loading 1.5s infinite;
  border-radius: 4px;
}
@keyframes skeleton-loading {
  0% { background-position: 200% 0; }
  100% { background-position: -200% 0; }
}
.skeleton-title { height: 24px; width: 80%; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.skeleton-text { height: 16px; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.skeleton-text.short { width: 60%; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.skeleton-btn { height: 36px; width: 120px; border-radius: 50px; }

/* Empty State / Error State */
.empty-state {
  grid-column: 1/-1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 60px 20px;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}
.empty-state img {
  max-width: 300px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  border-radius: 16px;
}
.empty-state h3 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.empty-state p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  max-width: 400px;
}

/* ============================================================
   Article Cards (Archive)
   ============================================================ */
.ac-card {
  background: var(--surface, #fff);
  border: 1px solid var(--border, rgba(0,0,0,0.08));
  border-radius: 18px;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
  cursor: pointer;
  position: relative;
  min-height: 340px;
}
.ac-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
}
.ac-thumb {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: #0f2040 center/cover no-repeat;
  z-index: 1;
}
.ac-thumb::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(15,23,42,0.95) 0%, rgba(15,23,42,0.6) 40%, rgba(15,23,42,0.2) 100%);
  z-index: 1;
}
.ac-thumb-icon {
  font-size: 3rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  z-index: 2;
}
.ac-badge {
  position: absolute;
  top: 16px;
  left: 16px;
  background: var(--blue, #2563eb);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  z-index: 3;
}
.ac-body {
  padding: 20px 20px 10px;
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 8px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
}
.ac-meta {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}
.ac-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: #ffffff;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0;
}
.ac-authors {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
  margin: 0;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.ac-footer {
  padding: 12px 20px 20px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
}
.ac-btn-view {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 7px;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  font-family: inherit;
}
.ac-btn-view:hover {
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--blue, #2563eb);
}

/* Skeleton */
.article-card-skeleton {
  border-radius: 18px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--surface, #fff);
  border: 1px solid var(--border, rgba(0,0,0,0.08));
}
.sk-thumb {
  height: 180px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e2e8f0 25%, #edf1f7 50%, #e2e8f0 75%);
  background-size: 200% 100%;
  animation: sk-shine 1.5s infinite;
}
.sk-body { padding: 18px 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
.sk-line {
  height: 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e2e8f0 25%, #edf1f7 50%, #e2e8f0 75%);
  background-size: 200% 100%;
  animation: sk-shine 1.5s infinite;
}
.sk-title  { height: 18px; width: 85%; }
.sk-short  { width: 55%; }
.sk-xshort { width: 35%; }
@keyframes sk-shine {
  0%   { background-position:  200% 0; }
  100% { background-position: -200% 0; }
}

/* Pagination dot buttons */
.page-dot-btn {
  width: 32px; height: 32px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border, rgba(0,0,0,0.12));
  background: var(--surface, #fff);
  color: var(--text, #111);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.page-dot-btn.active,
.page-dot-btn:hover {
  background: var(--blue, #2563eb);
  border-color: var(--blue, #2563eb);
  color: #fff;
}

/* ============================================================
   Article Detail Modal
   ============================================================ */
#article-modal {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 9000;
}
#article-modal.active { display: block; }

.am-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.55);
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
}

.am-box {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  background: var(--surface, #fff);
  border-radius: 22px;
  width: min(900px, 94vw);
  max-height: 88vh;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 32px 80px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.am-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 16px;
  right: 16px;
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid var(--border, rgba(0,0,0,0.1));
  background: var(--surface, #fff);
  color: var(--text, #111);
  cursor: pointer;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  font-size: 1rem;
  z-index: 2;
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.am-close:hover { background: #fee2e2; color: #ef4444; border-color: #fecaca; }

.am-inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  overflow: hidden;
  flex: 1;
  min-height: 0;
}

/* Left column */
.am-thumb-col {
  width: 240px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(160deg, #1e3a5f, #0f2040);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.am-thumb {
  flex: 1;
  background: center/cover no-repeat;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 200px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
  font-size: 3.5rem;
}
.am-info {
  padding: 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
}
.am-info-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
}
.am-info-row strong, .am-info-row a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9); font-weight: 600; }
.am-info-row a { text-decoration: none; }
.am-info-row a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.downloads-row { gap: 6px; justify-content: flex-start; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); }
.downloads-row i { color: var(--blue-light, #93c5fd); }

/* Right column */
.am-content-col {
  flex: 1;
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 36px 36px 32px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-width: 0;
}
.am-badge-row { display: flex; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.am-cat-badge { position: static; font-size: 0.75rem; }
.am-year-badge {
  background: #f1f5f9;
  color: var(--text-muted, #64748b);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.am-title {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--text, #111);
}
.am-authors {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-muted, #666);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-style: italic;
}
.am-divider { height: 1px; background: var(--border, rgba(0,0,0,0.08)); margin: 20px 0; }
.am-section-label {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-muted, #666);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.am-abstract {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--text, #111);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.am-kw { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.am-kw-chip {
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: var(--blue, #2563eb);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.am-actions { margin-top: auto; }
.am-btn-dl {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 9px;
  padding: 12px 28px;
  background: var(--blue, #2563eb);
  color: #fff;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.15s;
  font-family: inherit;
}
.am-btn-dl:hover { background: #1d4ed8; }
.am-btn-dl:active { transform: scale(0.97); }
.am-btn-dl:disabled { opacity: 0.6; cursor: not-allowed; }

/* Mobile modal */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  @keyframes slideUpMobile {
    from { transform: translateY(100%); }
    to { transform: translateY(0); }
  }
  .am-box { 
    width: 100vw; 
    height: 90dvh; 
    top: auto; 
    bottom: 0; 
    left: 0; 
    transform: translateY(0); 
    border-radius: 28px 28px 0 0; 
    max-height: 90vh; 
    animation: slideUpMobile 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) forwards;
  }
  .am-inner { flex-direction: column; }
  .am-thumb-col { width: 100%; flex-direction: column; min-height: 0; padding-bottom: 24px; }
  .am-thumb { flex: none; height: 180px; width: 100%; }
  .am-info { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; border-top: none; border-bottom: none; width: 100%; padding: 16px 16px 24px 16px; border-left: none; }
  .am-info-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 2px; }
  .am-content-col { 
    padding: 24px; 
    flex: 1; 
    overflow-y: auto; 
    background: var(--surface, #fff); 
    border-radius: 28px 28px 0 0; 
    margin-top: -32px; 
    position: relative; 
    z-index: 10;
    box-shadow: 0 -4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  }
  .am-title { font-size: 1.25rem; }
  .am-close { top: 12px; right: 12px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.25); border: none; color: #fff; backdrop-filter: blur(4px); z-index: 20; }
}

/* ============================================================
   Bento Grid Replacements (Editorial & Guidelines)
   ============================================================ */
.bento-grid-3 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
  width: 100%;
}
.guidelines-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
  width: 100%;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .bento-grid-3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .guidelines-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

.editorial-card {
  position: relative;
  height: 400px;
  border-radius: 18px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #111;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
.editorial-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}
.editorial-img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}
.editorial-card:hover .editorial-img {
  transform: scale(1.06);
}
.editorial-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 50%, transparent 100%);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 28px 24px;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(14px);
  transition: opacity 0.38s ease, transform 0.38s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.editorial-card:hover .editorial-overlay {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.editorial-overlay h4 {
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 5px;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}
.editorial-overlay p {
  color: var(--blue-light, #60a5fa);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin: 0;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
}

/* ============================================================
   Archive Page: Volume Selection Grid
   ============================================================ */
.archive-back-btn a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.volumes-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px;
  margin-top: 24px;
}
.volume-card {
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
  background: var(--card, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95));
  border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
}
.volume-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.vol-img-wrap {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 3/4;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--blue-light);
}
.vol-img-wrap img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.volume-card:hover .vol-img-wrap img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}
.vol-card-body {
  padding: 24px;
  text-align: center;
}
.vol-card-body h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--blue);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.vol-card-body p {
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.guideline-bento {
  padding: 32px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}
.guideline-bento:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}
.guideline-bento .guideline-icon {
  width: 54px; height: 54px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  font-size: 28px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.guideline-bento .guideline-icon.green { color: #10b981; }
.guideline-bento .guideline-icon.blue { color: #2563eb; }
.guideline-bento .guideline-icon.magenta { color: #ec4899; }

.guideline-bento h5 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text, #111);
}
.guideline-bento p {
  color: var(--text-muted, #666);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0;
}